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Dirham 'With the name of Arig Buga' - temp. Berke Bulghar mint
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1257-1262 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Irregular hammered silver flan bearing a multi-line Arabic legend disposed across the field without a border. The inscription reads 'Arig Buga Kaan the Highest' in bold, somewhat cursive Naskh-style Arabic script. The lettering is deeply struck relative to the thin flan, producing pronounced relief against the plain, slightly concave field. Characteristically uneven flan edges reflect hand-cut preparation typical of early Golden Horde coinage. No decorative motifs, figural elements, or mint name appear on this face. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Irregular hammered silver flan with a multi-line Arabic legend occupying the entire field, reading 'Minted in Bulghar' (the mint name). The script is rendered in a bold, somewhat angular Naskh hand consistent with early Golden Horde provincial coinage. The flan edges are jagged and irregular, a hallmark of hand-struck issues of this period. The field is otherwise plain with no additional decorative elements, symbols, or figural imagery. Strike quality and centering are typical of the Bulghar mint output during the reign of Berke Khan. |
| Reverse script | Arabic |
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