Dirham 'Ornamental type' - anepigraphic Bulghar mint

The "ornamental" or anepigraphic dirhams of the Bulghar mint represent a genuinely puzzling episode in Golden Horde coinage — struck without legible inscriptions at a moment when the khanate's mints were otherwise producing fully-legeneded issues. Whether this reflects a deliberate administrative decision, a workshop operating with limited skilled die-cutters, or coins intended for a specific internal market remains unresolved among specialists. Bulghar itself was the senior Volga trading entrepôt and a natural mint city, but its output was never uniform.

The weight of 1.25g places this below the standard Jochid dirham, suggesting either a local reduced standard or significant die wear by the time these were struck.