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Dirham - Mika'il b. Ja'far Imitating Samanid prototypes - Shash mint
| Issuer | Volga Bulgaria |
|---|---|
| Year | 921 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Orientation | Coin alignment ↑↓ |
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|---|---|
| Obverse script | Arabic |
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| Reverse description | Central field displays three horizontal lines of bold Arabic Kufic script within a double circular border, reading 'Muhammad is the Messenger of God' in the upper register, 'Mika'il ibn Ja'far' in the central register, and a continuation of the Prophetic mission formula below. The marginal legend running around the inner border contains the Quranic verse from Surat al-Tawba (9:33) affirming the supremacy of Islam. A beaded inner border frames the central inscription, while a further outer border carries the marginal text. The flan is irregular and shows a prominent crack, characteristic of heavily circulated Volga Bulgarian imitative dirhams. The script style is a regional interpretation of the Samanid Kufic tradition. |
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| Reverse lettering | محمد رسول الله ميكائيل بن جعفر محمد رسول الله أرسله بالهدى ودين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون |
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