Mas'ud II ruled the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm as a Mongol client, his authority largely nominal under Ilkhanid overlordship. By 1286, the sultanate had been effectively administered by Mongol officials for over a decade, and coinage from this period reflects that precarious dual authority — Mas'ud's name appears on the dies, but real power resided elsewhere.
Mas'ud II ruled the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm as a Mongol client, his authority largely nominal under Ilkhanid overlordship. By 1286, the sultanate had been effectively administered by Mongol officials for over a decade, and coinage from this period reflects that precarious dual authority — Mas'ud's name appears on the dies, but real power resided elsewhere.