Dirham - Mas'ud III Ghazni mint

Mas'ud III ruled the Ghaznavid sultanate at a moment of severe territorial contraction — the dynasty had been effectively expelled from its western Iranian holdings by the Seljuqs decades earlier, leaving Ghazni and the Punjab as the remnant core. Coinage from his reign reflects this reduced but still functioning administrative apparatus, with the Ghazni mint operating continuously through his sixteen-year reign.

Album 1679 is among the more regularly encountered late Ghaznavid types, though clean strikes on undistorted flans are not guaranteed given the period's production standards.