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Dirham - Mangu Timur Qutlughkand mint
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1273-1279 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse script | Arabic |
| Reverse lettering | al-`izz al-da`im wa `l-sharaf al-qa`im (Translation: glory forever and honor outstanding) |
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| Additional information |
Mangu Timur ruled the Golden Horde from 1267 to 1280, and his reign marked a decisive political shift — he was the first Jochid khan to issue coins in his own name rather than continuing the fiction of subordination to the Great Khan in Karakorum. The Qutlughkand mint is not among the Horde's major production centers, and dirhams attributable to it from this reign are correspondingly scarce in collections outside former Soviet institutional holdings.