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Dirham - Mahmud Ghazna mint
| Issuer | Ghaznavid dynasty |
|---|---|
| Year | 998-1030 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Epigraphic field entirely occupied by a multi-line Kufic Arabic legend arranged in horizontal registers within a plain inner border, itself enclosed by a rope or cable outer border. The central text bears the Shahada and the epithet 'Adl (Justice), reading 'ADL LA ILAHA ILLA ALLAHU WAHDAHU LA SHARIKA LAH YAMINI'. The script is executed in bold, angular Kufic style typical of early Ghaznavid hammered coinage, with individual letter strokes rendered in high relief against a flat, darkened field. The coin exhibits the characteristic irregular flan shape produced by hand-hammering, with slight weakness at the margins. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Epigraphic field entirely filled with a multi-line Arabic Kufic legend arranged in horizontal registers, acknowledging the Abbasid caliph Al-Qadir Billah and the Ghaznavid sultan Mahmud with his laqab Yamin al-Dawla wa-Amin al-Milla. A prominent circular pellet or annulet device appears at the top of the central field, flanked by two smaller pellets, a decorative motif characteristic of Ghaznavid issues of this period. The reverse legend reads 'MUHAMMAD RASUL ALLAH AL-QADIR BI ALLAH YAMINU DAWLAH MAHMOUD', disposed across four principal lines within a plain inner circle, itself encircled by a fine denticulated or rope border. The bold, well-struck Kufic lettering displays the monumental style associated with the Ghazna mint under Sultan Mahmud. |
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| Edge | Rough |
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