Dirham - Husam al-Din Yuluq Arslan

Historical Context: This copper dirham was issued during the reign of Husam al-Din Yuluq Arslan, Artuqid ruler of Mardin (1184-1201). The Artuqids, a Turkmen dynasty in northern Mesopotamia, navigated complex political landscapes between the Ayyubids and Seljuks. Yuluq Arslan's rule fostered stability and cultural flourishing. His distinctive, elaborate coinage served as currency and a statement of local autonomy, reflecting the cultural synthesis prevalent in the late 12th century.

Artistry: The specific engraver is unknown, but this coin exemplifies the unique Artuqid numismatic style, characterized by bold figural designs. Departing from aniconic Islamic tradition, Artuqid copper coinage frequently incorporated classical, Byzantine, or ancient Mesopotamian motifs, often depicting human busts, animals, or astrological symbols. This 31mm dirham would feature a prominent central pictorial element alongside legible Kufic or Naskh Arabic inscriptions, showcasing a rich blend of cultural influences.

Technical/Grading: Struck in copper, this substantial dirham (13.51 gg, 31 mmmm) typically exhibits variable strike quality. High-points for grading include the most raised features of any figural design—such as a bust's nose or crown—and the highest relief elements of the calligraphy. While central strikes can be strong, flan irregularities, minor off-centering, or areas of softer strike due to uneven pressure are common. Preservation of finer details varies significantly on these large flans.