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Dirham - Fariburz ibn Salar citing Caliph al-Qa'im, Four-Pointed Star Type

Issuer Shirvanshah dynasty
Year 1063-1096
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Technique Hammered
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Obverse script Arabic
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Reverse lettering فريبرز بن سالار / القائم بأمر الله / أمير المؤمنين
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Additional information

Fariburz ibn Salar ruled Shirvan — the region between the eastern Caucasus and the Caspian — during one of the most turbulent periods in the dynasty's history, navigating Seljuk expansion while maintaining enough autonomy to strike his own coinage. The citation of Caliph al-Qa'im, who held the Abbasid caliphate from 1031 to 1075, is a political gesture as much as a religious one: acknowledging Sunni legitimacy while the Seljuks simultaneously pressed their own suzerainty claims over the region's rulers.

The four-pointed star type is a recognized die variant within Shirvanshah billon issues, documented in the Zeno corpus and distinguishable from contemporaneous types by its field ornament arrangement.

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