Catalog
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| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1382-1397 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Central field occupied by a multi-line Arabic legend in flowing Naskh script, conveying the ruler's name and honorific titles. The inscription reads the titulature of Khan Tochtamysh, styled as the just sultan and champion of the faith. A dotted border or pellet ring encircles the inscription field, characteristic of Golden Horde hammered silver coinage. The flan is irregular and slightly uneven, as typical of hand-struck Jochid dirhams of this period. The relief of the lettering is bold and well-defined despite the irregular planchet. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Central field bearing a multi-line Arabic legend in Naskh script naming the mint city and carrying a pious invocation. The inscription is arranged in several horizontal lines filling the flan, framed by a border of pellets or dots along the periphery. The style and execution are consistent with the Qrim (Crimea) mint output under Tochtamysh, with bold raised lettering set against a darkened recessed field. The flan is irregular and slightly oval, reflecting the hand-hammered production technique. The overall design conforms to standard Golden Horde reverse types identifying the place of issue. |
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| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain |
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