Catalogus
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| Uitgever | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1381 |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Dinar (1227-1502) |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Gewicht | Log in om details te zien |
| Diameter | Log in om details te zien |
| Dikte | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Techniek | Log in om details te zien |
| Oriëntatie | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Central field occupied by a multi-line Arabic legend in bold Naskh script, reading the royal titulature of Khan Toqtamish. The inscription, arranged in three principal lines across the flan, proclaims the khan's title and invokes the traditional formula for the longevity of his reign. Pellet ornaments are interspersed between the lines of text, a characteristic decorative feature of Golden Horde coinage. The flan is irregular and slightly ragged at the rim, consistent with hammered production. No border or marginal legend is present. |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift voorzijde | السلطان العادل توقتامش خان خلد الله ملكه |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Schrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Rand | Log in om details te zien |
| Muntplaats | Log in om details te zien |
| Oplage | Log in om details te zien |
| Aanvullende informatie |
Tochtamysh unified the fractured Golden Horde under a single authority in the early 1380s after years of civil war following the death of Berdibek — the Qrim (Crimea) mint resuming regular silver output under his name was itself a political signal. This piece dates to that consolidation, struck just before his catastrophic 1395 defeat at the hands of Timur effectively ended the Horde as a coherent power.
The 1.4g weight reflects the degraded dirham standard that had drifted significantly from earlier Jochid norms across the preceding decades of fragmentation.