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| 正面描述 | Central field features a multi-line Arabic kufic inscription arranged within a dotted square border, reading the royal title and name of the khan. The text is bold and angular in style, characteristic of Golden Horde coinage. Small decorative dots punctuate the corners and margins of the square cartouche. The flan is irregular and slightly convex, consistent with hand-struck medieval Islamic silver coinage. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面文字 | Arabic |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
Toqtamish seized control of the Golden Horde in 1380 — the same year Dmitry Donskoy defeated the Mongols at Kulikovo — and his Khwarizm mint issues from this window reflect a ruler still consolidating authority across fractious western and eastern territories simultaneously. Khwarizm was among the most commercially active minting centers in his realm, feeding silver into the overland trade networks connecting the Volga steppe to Central Asia.
The dang denomination was the workhorse of Horde commerce throughout the fourteenth century. These Khwarizm pieces were struck just before Timur's devastating campaign against Toqtamish disrupted the region's minting capacity entirely after 1388.