Dirham 'Barbed Trefoil' - Shawur ibn al-Fadl

The Shaddadids were a Kurdish dynasty who controlled Ganja — a major commercial hub on the routes connecting the Caucasus to Iran — and their coinage reflects the fractured political geography of the mid-eleventh century, when Seljuk pressure was steadily dismantling the smaller principalities of the region. Shawur ibn al-Fadl ruled as the dynasty's last significant independent figure before Seljuk encroachment rendered Shaddadid authority nominal at best.

The 'barbed trefoil' attribution in Lowick's Ganja corpus distinguishes this type from the broader A/1492 grouping by a specific ornamental device used as a field marker — a rare enough occurrence to anchor die studies for the reign.