Dirham - al-Mu'tadid 'Abbad ibn Muhammad Abbadid dynasty - 1023-1095 AD

The Abbadid rulers of Seville occupied a peculiar position among the taifa kingdoms that fragmented al-Andalus after the Umayyad caliphate's collapse in 1031: they continued striking dirhams in the caliphal style, invoking Umayyad legitimizing formulae long after the caliphate itself had ceased to exist. Al-Mu'tadid — who consolidated Abbadid power through a notorious campaign of eliminating rival taifa rulers, reportedly keeping the severed heads of enemies in his garden — ruled a kingdom that was wealthy enough to maintain silver coinage when many contemporaries had already debased to billon.