Catalog
Dinero vegetable ornaments, bust
| Issuer | County of Girona |
|---|---|
| Year | 934-1035 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Denier |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
| Orientation | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
| Reference(s) | Log in to see details |
| Obverse description | Central field occupied by stylized vegetal ornaments arranged in a decorative pattern. Surrounding the central motif, a Latin legend reading GIRNDA (Gerona) is inscribed around the periphery. The lettering is characteristic of Carolingian-influenced Iberian coinage of the 10th–11th centuries. The flan is irregular and the die work is crude, typical of hammered medieval Catalan deniers of this period. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Schematic bust of the count facing right, depicted in a stylized, low-relief manner consistent with early medieval Catalan hammered coinage. The effigy is rendered in a crude but characteristic style, with minimal facial detail. No legend or lettering is present on the reverse. The flan is irregular with uneven borders, typical of 10th–11th century hammered silver deniers from the County of Girona. |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Log in to see details |
| Mint | Log in to see details |
| Mintage | Log in to see details |
| Additional information |
The County of Girona operated as a nominally Frankish-dependent march county during this period, though by the mid-tenth century its counts were issuing coinage on their own authority with little practical oversight from the increasingly fragmented Carolingian successor states. These small silver dineros reflect the monetary fragmentation of the Iberian march counties, each operating its own mint as Frankish central authority dissolved entirely after 987.
At 0.3g, surviving examples are frequently found clipped or fragmentary — a known problem with Catalan march coinage of this weight class that circulated hard alongside heavier Andalusian silver.