Dinero saint

The County of Girona operated as a Frankish march county, its coinage authority deriving ultimately from Carolingian precedent even as actual Frankish power over the region collapsed through the tenth century. By the time this dinero type was being struck, the counts of Girona had effectively become independent rulers — the nominal Frankish suzerainty was a legal fiction. The century-long date range reflects genuine uncertainty among specialists rather than a prolonged continuous issue; these coins are difficult to attribute precisely within the series.