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Dinero - Fernando I
| Issuer | Majorca, Kingdom of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1412-1416 |
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| Currency | Libra |
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| Obverse description | Crowned facing bust of King Fernando I depicted in a schematic, medieval style typical of hammered billon coinage. The royal figure is shown frontally, wearing a crown surmounted by a cross, with the royal mantle visible below. The bust occupies the central field of the flan, rendered in low relief with considerable die wear consistent with a heavily circulated issue. The surrounding circular Latin legend reads + FERDINANDUS DEI GRAC, referencing the king by name and divine grace. The irregular flan exhibits characteristic striking weakness at the margins. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | A bold cross pattée divides the reverse field into four quarters, with a small turret or castle motif visible at the upper portion above the cross, referencing the dynastic arms of Aragon and Majorca. The cross is rendered in strong relief relative to the worn field, typical of hammered medieval billon coinage. An inner beaded circle frames the central design, with the surrounding Latin legend + ARAGONUM ET MAIORIC distributed around the periphery, completing the royal titulature of Fernando I as King of Aragon and Majorca. The flan is irregular and shows patchy green cuprous patina consistent with long burial or circulation. |
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| Additional information |
Fernando I of Aragon — also known as Fernando de Antequera — ruled Majorca as part of the Crown of Aragon following the Compromise of Caspe in 1412, the extraordinary arbitration that ended the interregnum after the extinction of the male Barcelonese line. His reign lasted only four years before his death in 1416, making issues attributable to his rule on the island inherently short-series pieces. The billon content of these dineros was already debased well below earlier medieval Majorcan issues, reflecting the chronic fiscal strain that had plagued the kingdom since the Aragonese absorption of the island in 1343.