Dinero 'Cornado' - Alfonso XI Seville

Alfonso XI struck these cornados during a reign defined by near-continuous warfare, most consequentially the campaign that ended at the Río Salado in 1340 — the last major pitched battle in which a Moroccan Marinid force landed on Iberian soil. Military expenditure chronically strained Castilian finances, and the billon coinage of this period reflects deliberate debasement, with silver content reduced to sustain output without depleting reserves. The Seville mint was among the most active of the Castilian workshops throughout his reign.