Dinar - al-Mustazhir

Al-Mustazhir's reign coincided with the First Crusade and its aftermath, yet the real power in Baghdad rested entirely with the Seljuk sultans — the caliph retained religious authority while exercising virtually no political control. These dinars were struck in his name as a matter of doctrinal legitimacy, not governance. The Abbasid mint in Baghdad continued issuing gold in the caliph's name precisely because that name still carried weight across the Sunni world, even as Crusader states were being carved out to the west.

The 1094 start date marks his accession following al-Muqtadi, during a period when Seljuk internal succession disputes briefly loosened the sultanate's grip on caliphal affairs.