Antiochos XII, who adopted the epithet Dionysos, ruled as the last independent Seleucid king of Damascus — a distinction that carries more weight than it might first appear. His reign ended when he was killed in battle against the Nabataeans around 84 BC, a defeat that effectively handed control of Coele-Syria to the Nabataean king Aretas III. These bronzes were struck during an already fragmenting empire, with rival Seleucid claimants holding other territories simultaneously.
The SC2 catalog places this type at 2473, a relatively compact issue consistent with the limited geographic reach Antiochos XII actually commanded.
Antiochos XII, who adopted the epithet Dionysos, ruled as the last independent Seleucid king of Damascus — a distinction that carries more weight than it might first appear. His reign ended when he was killed in battle against the Nabataeans around 84 BC, a defeat that effectively handed control of Coele-Syria to the Nabataean king Aretas III. These bronzes were struck during an already fragmenting empire, with rival Seleucid claimants holding other territories simultaneously.
The SC2 catalog places this type at 2473, a relatively compact issue consistent with the limited geographic reach Antiochos XII actually commanded.