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Dichalkon - Antiochos IV Antioch

Issuer Seleucid Empire
Year 173 BC - 169 BC
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Shape Round
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Obverse description Radiate head of Antiochos IV facing right, depicted in the guise of Helios with prominent sun rays emanating from the crown of the head. The portrait displays the characteristic Hellenistic style of the Seleucid royal mint at Antioch, with fine facial features rendered in relief. The field is plain, with a dotted border partially visible around the coin's circumference. The effigy is set within a circular border of dots.
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Reverse description Standing figure of Apollo facing left, depicted in a long draped garment and wearing a laureate or polos crown, holding a long scepter or arrow in the right hand and a bow in the left. The deity stands in a frontal pose with the head turned slightly, occupying the central field of the coin. The Greek royal legend is arranged vertically in two columns flanking the central figure, reading ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ on the left and ΘΕΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ on the right. A monogram appears in the lower left field on certain die varieties. The design is executed in the Hellenistic artistic tradition characteristic of the Antioch mint under Antiochos IV.
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Additional information

Antiochos IV Epiphanes — "God Manifest" — ruled at a moment when the Seleucid court was aggressively Hellenizing its territories, a policy that directly provoked the Maccabean revolt of 167 BC. This dichalkon was struck at Antioch-on-the-Orontes, the imperial capital, likely in the years immediately preceding that crisis. SC2 1408 is among the more consistently documented bronzes of his reign, though die alignment and flan preparation vary considerably across surviving specimens.

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