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Denier - Stephen V and emperor Charles III ROMA monogram
| Issuer | Papal States |
|---|---|
| Year | 885-891 |
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| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
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| Obverse description | A Carolingian-style cruciform monogram composed of the letters of STEPHANUS is displayed prominently at the center of the field, formed as an interlaced cross design within a plain beaded inner circle. The monogram is rendered in bold relief typical of Carolingian hammered coinage. A circular Latin legend surrounds the beaded border, invoking the name of the pope and the apostolic patron saint. The overall design follows the Carolingian denier tradition established under Charlemagne, adapted for papal authority. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | A bold architectural city monogram for ROMA is centrally placed within a beaded inner circle, composed of interlaced letters in the Carolingian manner, forming a cross-like structure. The monogram occupies the majority of the central field and is rendered in high relief with deeply cut strokes characteristic of hammered silver coinage of the period. A circular Latin legend surrounds the beaded border, identifying the issuing authority as Emperor Charles (Charles III, the Fat), who held imperial dignity jointly with the papacy during this period. The reverse design reflects the dual authority of pope and emperor over the city of Rome. |
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