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Denier - Raymond of Poitiers Large bust
| Issuer | Principality of Antioch |
|---|---|
| Year | 1136-1149 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | A plain cross pattée centered within a beaded inner circle occupies the reverse field, the cross arms extending nearly to the inner border in a bold, well-struck design. The surrounding legend * INTIOCHIE is disposed around the periphery between the inner beaded circle and the outer edge of the flan. The lettering is executed in a crude Latin hand consistent with Crusader provincial coinage. The flan is irregularly shaped and shows the characteristic surface texture of hammered silver. The overall composition follows the standard Crusader denier typology derived from contemporary French deniers. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Raymond of Poitiers came to Antioch not as a conquering prince but through a clandestine arrangement — smuggled into the city disguised as a pilgrim to avoid Byzantine interference, then hastily married to the twelve-year-old heiress Constance in 1136 to legitimize his rule. His reign ended at the Field of Artah in 1149, where Nur ad-Din's forces killed him and, according to chroniclers, sent his head to the Caliph of Baghdad in a silver box.
The "large bust" distinction separates this type from the smaller-bust denier of the same reign — a die variation catalogued by Malloy that collectors use to sequence the coinage chronologically within his thirteen-year principality.