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Denier - Petrus II
| Issuer | Kingdom of Aragon |
|---|---|
| Year | 1196-1213 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Reverse description | Central field dominated by a bold cross pattée, its arms extending nearly to the coin's edge and dividing the reverse into four quarters. Within two opposing quarters, stylized crescent or volute ornaments are visible, while the remaining quarters contain additional decorative elements consistent with Aragonese heraldic tradition. The encircling Latin legend ARAGON identifies the realm of issue, running along the periphery of the irregular flan. The die work is characteristic of Romanesque hammered coinage, with strong relief on the cross and somewhat uneven letter spacing in the legend. The plain edge and irregular flan confirm hand production at a medieval mint. |
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| Mintage | ND (1196-1213) |
| Additional information |
Pere II — known as Pere el Catòlic — came to the Aragonese throne in 1196 inheriting a monetary system already complicated by the competing coinages of Aragon and Catalonia. His reign ended abruptly at the Battle of Muret in September 1213, where he was killed fighting against Simon de Montfort's crusading forces — a Catalan-Aragonese king dead on French soil defending his Occitan vassals against a papal-sanctioned campaign.
Billon deniers of this type circulated across both sides of the Pyrenees, reflecting the Crown's extensive interests in Languedoc before Muret foreclosed them permanently.