Denier - Pepin the Short Troyes mint

Pépin III seized the Frankish throne in 751 by deposing the last Merovingian king, Childeric III, with explicit papal backing — a transaction that fundamentally restructured the relationship between the Church and secular power in Western Europe. His coinage reform, introduced shortly after his coronation, broke decisively from Merovingian monetary tradition by centralizing production under royal authority rather than leaving it dispersed among ecclesiastical and aristocratic mints. The Troyes mint was among the more productive of his authorized striking locations.

Pépin's deniers established the weight standard that Charlemagne would later codify and expand into the broader Carolingian monetary system.