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Denier - Pepin I bust and temple
| Issuer | Aquitaine, Kingdom of |
|---|---|
| Year | 818 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 1.50 g |
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| Obverse description | Stylized bust of King Pepin I facing right in the field, rendered in the flat, schematic Carolingian manner typical of early 9th-century deniers. The effigy is depicted with rudimentary facial features and draped shoulders, set within a circular border. A cross pattée precedes the retrograde or partially legible legend disposed around the periphery. The overall die work is characteristic of the hammered provincial coinage of the Kingdom of Aquitaine, showing irregular flan shape and shallow relief. |
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Pépin I of Aquitaine received his sub-kingdom from his father Louis the Pious in 817, the same year Louis issued the Ordinatio Imperii — a document restructuring Carolingian succession that made Pépin's position nominally secure but ultimately subordinate. This denier, struck just a year later, is among the earliest issues of his reign and reflects the Carolingian monetary reform initiated under Charlemagne, which standardized the silver denier across Frankish-controlled territories. Pépin's Aquitanian issues are catalogued under multiple overlapping reference systems precisely because the regional minting administration remained administratively distinct from the imperial core.