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Denier - Paschal I and emperor Louis I
| Issuer | Papal States |
|---|---|
| Year | 817-824 |
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| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | Central field displays the monogram of the city of Rome, rendered in an interlaced cruciform arrangement within a beaded inner circle, closely paralleling the Carolingian imperial monogram convention. The surrounding circular Latin legend names the city of Rome and attributes imperial authority to Louis I (the Pious), Emperor of the Franks, reflecting the joint temporal and spiritual authority commemorated on this issue. The coin exhibits a well-defined beaded border and an irregular, slightly cusped flan edge characteristic of hammered production of the period. |
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| Additional information |
This issue documents a precise and fleeting constitutional moment: the coronation of Louis the Pious as co-emperor by Pope Paschal I in 816, which briefly formalized a joint temporal-spiritual authority that neither side would sustain for long. The bipartite authority named on this coin collapsed within a generation — Louis's sons tore the Carolingian empire apart at Fontenoy in 841, and the papacy would spend the following decades realigning with whoever held military advantage in Italy.