Denier - Louis IV Angouleme mint

Historical Context: This Denier of Louis IV, minted in Angouleme (936-954), reflects a tumultuous era in West Francia. Louis IV d'Outremer struggled to assert Carolingian authority against powerful regional magnates. Its issuance from a comital mint like Angouleme underscores the decentralized nature of power. While local counts controlled minting, the royal name on the coin represented nominal acknowledgment of royal suzerainty, even as effective power shifted to local lords.

Artistry: This Denier's artistic execution aligns with the early medieval Carolingian numismatic tradition, prioritizing functional symbolism over elaborate aesthetics. Engravers are unidentifiable; dies were cut by local artisans. Stylistic elements favor clear inscription and symbolic representation. Designs typically feature a central cross on the obverse, often with mint name (ENGOLISM) or royal title. The reverse displays a stylized royal monogram (LVDOVICVS) or simple legend, characteristic of provincial mints.

Technical/Grading: Critical high-points for wear and strike quality on this Denier include the central elements of the cross, the royal monogram, and the highest points of the lettering. Early medieval coinage from provincial mints like Angouleme frequently exhibits significant technical irregularities. Common issues include off-center strikes, leading to incomplete legends, and uneven flans. Weakness in strike is prevalent on the periphery, resulting in flat or partially obscured legends.