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Denier - Louis I Barcelona mint
| Issuer | Unified Carolingian Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 818-823 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Denier (1⁄240) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | A plain cross centered within a solid inner circle occupies the field, with the four arms of the cross extending to the beaded inner border. A circular legend in large Carolingian majuscule letters reads around the periphery between two solid circles. The design is typical of the reformed Carolingian coinage introduced under Louis the Pious, emphasizing the cross as the primary motif. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | ✠ HLVDOVVICVS IMP (Translation: Louis emperor.) |
| Reverse description | The mint name BARCINO NA is boldly inscribed in three lines across the field in large Carolingian capital letters, reading BAR / CINO / NA, denoting the Barcelona mint. The lettering fills the entire reverse field in a monogram-like arrangement characteristic of Carolingian provincial coinage. A pellet appears in the lower right field. The flan is irregular and slightly ragged at the edges, consistent with the hand-hammered production technique of the period. |
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