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Denier - Immobilization of Ralph

Issuer Chartres, County of
Year 940-950
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Reference(s) Dy féodales#429
Obverse description Central field features a Carolingian-style monogram composed of interlaced letters, rendered in low relief characteristic of early medieval hammered coinage. The monogram is enclosed within a beaded inner circle. The surrounding legend, reading ✠ CRΛTIΛ D-I REX, is distributed around the periphery in capital Latin characters, invoking the royal title of Ralph, King of France by the grace of God. The overall design reflects the immobilized type struck in the name of King Ralph (Raoul de Bourgogne), perpetuated by the counts of Chartres after his reign. The flan is irregular and slightly uneven, typical of hand-hammered deniers of the 10th century.
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Obverse lettering ✠ CRΛTIΛ D-I REX
(Translation: Ralph, king by the grace of God.)
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Edge Plain
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