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Denier - immobilization in the name of Ralph

Issuer Lordship of Nogent-le-Roi
Year 940-950
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Weight 1.34 g
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Obverse lettering ✠ CRΛTIΛ DI REX
(Translation: Ralph, king by the grace of God.)
Reverse description Central field displays a plain pattée cross with equal arms extending nearly to an inner beaded or plain circle, dividing the field into four quadrants. The surrounding legend in angular Latin capitals reads ✠ NVIENTVS CΛSTI, referencing the castle of Nogent (Nogentum Castri), identifying the feudal mint. The cross design is bold and deeply struck relative to the flan, consistent with hammered billon technique. The outer border shows a ring of pellets or triangular punches, a decorative convention common in feudal deniers of the Île-de-France region. The irregular flan edges and variable die alignment reflect the artisanal nature of mid-tenth-century feudal minting.
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Mintage ND (940-950)
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