Denier - Henry IV Speyer mint

Henry IV's reign produced some of the most politically fractured coinage in the medieval empire. The Investiture Controversy — his prolonged war with Pope Gregory VII over the right to appoint bishops — left imperial authority in tatters for decades, and episcopal mints like Speyer operated in an atmosphere of constantly shifting allegiances. Speyer's bishop was among the loyalists, which kept this mint productive through the worst of the crisis.

The Kluge Kar#197 reference places this among the documented Rhenish deniers of the period, a series notorious for die inconsistency across even short production runs.