Denier - Henry I Mainz mint

Henry I — Henry the Fowler — came to the East Frankish throne in 919 having never been anointed, refusing the ceremony offered by Archbishop Heriger of Mainz on the grounds that he was unworthy. Whether pragmatic humility or political calculation, the snub defined his reign's uneasy relationship with the Church. Mainz, as the dominant archiepiscopal see on the Rhine, nonetheless remained a principal minting center throughout his rule.

The Kluge and Dannenberg references place this squarely in the post-Carolingian denier tradition, before the regional fragmentation of coinage authority that would accelerate under Otto I.