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Denier - Godfrey II and emperor Henry II
| Issuer | Lower Lotharingia, Duchy of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1014-1023 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Full-length figure of Duke Godfrey II standing facing, holding a spear in his right hand, rendered in the flat, linear style characteristic of early medieval Lotharingian coinage. The field is plain and unadorned, with the ducal effigy occupying the central area of the flan. The surrounding legend reads GODEFRIDVS, identifying the issuing duke. The die workmanship reflects the irregular hammered technique typical of the period, resulting in uneven relief across the surface. The overall composition is crude yet iconographically deliberate, asserting ducal authority. |
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| Reverse description | Diademed bust of Emperor Henry II facing left, depicted in profile with a diadem or beaded crown encircling the head, in the tradition of Ottonian imperial portraiture on coinage. The bust is rendered in low, somewhat worn relief consistent with the hammered technique and the irregular planchet. The surrounding legend reads HEINRICVS IPM, identifying the Holy Roman Emperor Henry II and asserting imperial co-authority over the duchy. The lettering is distributed around the periphery of the flan, partially visible given the irregular striking. The reverse composition reflects the dual-authority nature of this issue, combining ducal and imperial imagery. |
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| Reverse lettering | HEINRICVS IPM (Translation: Emperor Henry.) |
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