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Denier - Géza II

Issuer Hungary
Year 1141-1162
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Reference(s) ÉH#60, H#159, CAC II#20.13.1.1, EK I#12/8
Obverse description Central large cross with arms terminating in small crosses, surrounded by eight crescents arranged in pairs along the four diagonal axes between the cross arms, all within a beaded or plain border. The composition reflects the Byzantine-influenced decorative style typical of early Hungarian medieval coinage.
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Reverse description Plain cross with four globules, one in each angle of the cross, enclosed within an inner circle or ring, set against a flat field. The minimalist design is characteristic of Hungarian denars of the mid-twelfth century, struck by the hammered technique on an irregular flan.
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Additional information

Géza II inherited the Hungarian throne at age eleven following a period of succession conflict that had destabilized the kingdom through the 1130s. His reign saw Hungary drawn into the broader struggle between the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary over Dalmatia and Bosnia, with Manuel I Komnenos launching multiple campaigns against him from 1150 onward. Coinage from this reign was produced under considerable administrative pressure.

The ÉH#60 classification places this squarely within the bracteate-influenced denier tradition that Hungarian mints were producing at extremely low weights through the mid-twelfth century — a deliberate policy of reducing silver content that accelerated under Géza's immediate predecessors.

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