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Denier - Frederick II Nuremberg mint
| Issuer | Holy Roman Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 1220-1230 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | Half-length frontal figure of a standing duke or imperial dignitary, depicted in a formal hieratic style typical of Hohenstaufen-period coinage. The figure holds a lily-headed scepter in one hand, an attribute of sovereign authority. Small crosses are disposed in the field on either side of the figure, serving as decorative filler elements. The design is executed in the flat, linear manner characteristic of hammered south German deniers of the early 13th century. |
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| Mint | Nuremberg Mint |
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| Additional information |
Frederick II was among the most politically complex rulers of medieval Europe, simultaneously Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily, perpetually at odds with the papacy. The Nuremberg mint operated under imperial jurisdiction during this period, making its issues direct products of Frederick's administration rather than delegated to a local bishop or lord — a distinction that mattered enormously in the fragmented monetary geography of 13th-century Germany. Frederick's 1220 coronation as Emperor in Rome marked the beginning of his most active legislative period, and the Nuremberg deniers fall squarely within it.
The Slg. Erlanger reference places this among a well-documented Franconian group, cross-referenced at Erlanger#54.