Denier - Coloman

Coloman — known in Hungarian as Könyves Kálmán, "the Bookish" — came to the throne in 1095 after his brother Álmos conspired against him, setting the tone for a reign defined by dynastic violence and surprisingly sophisticated governance. He is one of the few medieval Hungarian kings credited with abolishing trials for witchcraft, famously declaring that witches do not exist. His deniers circulated during the First Crusade's passage through Hungary, a logistical and political crisis that forced Coloman into direct military confrontation with crusading armies before negotiating terms with Godfrey of Bouillon.