Denier - Coloman

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正面铭文	+CALMAN RE (Translation: King Kálmán)
背面描述	A bold isosceles cross occupies the center of the field, contained within a plain line circle. The four angles formed by the arms of the cross are each filled with a wedge or triangular pellet ornament, a motif commonly employed on early Árpád-dynasty deniers. A circular Latin legend runs between the inner line circle and the outer border, reading +LADISLAVSE, a retrograde or garbled reference to King László, reflecting the die-cutting conventions of the era.
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附加信息	Coloman — known in Hungarian as Könyves Kálmán, "the Bookish" — came to the throne in 1095 after his brother Álmos orchestrated the murder of the previous king, Géza I's son Ladislaus II, though Coloman ultimately outmaneuvered him politically. His reign coincided with the First Crusade passing directly through Hungarian territory, a logistical and diplomatic crisis he navigated by negotiating directly with Godfrey of Bouillon rather than allowing uncontrolled passage. The coinage of his reign is catalogued under multiple reference systems precisely because Hungarian medieval numismatics remained poorly systematized until the twentieth century.

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