Denier - Charles II Meaux mint

This issue derives directly from the Edict of Pîtres, issued by Charles the Bald in June 864 — one of the most ambitious monetary reforms of the Carolingian period. The edict closed all but a handful of authorized mints and mandated a new, heavier denarius standard, effectively consolidating royal control over silver coinage that had drifted into semi-autonomous production across the realm. Meaux was among the select mints permitted to continue striking under the new regime.

The reform was partly a fiscal response to Viking tribute payments, which had drained Frankish silver reserves and incentivized debasement at peripheral mints.