Denier - Charles II / Charles III Metz mint

发行方	Lotharingia
年份	869-922
类型	登录以查看详情
面值	登录以查看详情
货币	登录以查看详情
材质	登录以查看详情
重量	登录以查看详情
直径	登录以查看详情
厚度	登录以查看详情
形状	登录以查看详情
制作工艺	登录以查看详情
方向	登录以查看详情
雕刻师	登录以查看详情
流通至	登录以查看详情
参考资料	Morrison#1358-1360; 1363, Nouchy#155-156 (p.175), Prou Car#131-132, Gariel Car#L/47-48; XXXI/149, Kluge Kar#4

正面描述	登录以查看详情
正面文字	登录以查看详情
正面铭文	✠ GRΛTIΛ D-I IX (Translation: Charles, king by the grace of God.)
背面描述	登录以查看详情
背面文字	Latin
背面铭文	登录以查看详情
边缘	登录以查看详情
铸币厂	登录以查看详情
铸造量	登录以查看详情
附加信息	Metz was one of the pivotal minting centers of the Carolingian world, and the deniers struck there under Charles II (the Bald) and his successor Charles III (the Simple) span one of the dynasty's most fractured periods — the partition treaties of Verdun in 843 and Meerssen in 870 repeatedly reassigned Lotharingia between competing heirs, and with it, control of the mint. The question of which "Charles" authorized a given die is not always cleanly resolved, which is why the standard references bracket these issues across both reigns. Kluge's attribution to the broader Carolingian series and the multiple Gariel plate references reflect genuine die variation within the type, not cataloging redundancy.

您可能也会喜欢