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Denier - Charles II Beauvais mint
| Issuer | Kingdom of West Francia |
|---|---|
| Year | 840-864 |
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| Currency | Pound (840-987) |
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| Obverse description | Central field features a plain equal-armed cross set within a raised inner circle formed by a beaded or rope-like border. The cross, rendered in high relief typical of Carolingian hammered coinage, divides the inner field into four equal quadrants. Surrounding the inner circle, the outer field carries the royal legend in retrograde or irregular Latin majuscules, commencing with a cross pattée. The overall design is characteristic of the Carolingian monogram-type denier reformed under Charles II (the Bald), with bold, deeply struck lettering on an irregularly shaped flan. |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | ✠ CΛROLVS REX FRΛN (Translation: Charles, king of the Franks.) |
| Reverse description | Central field displays a Carolingian monogram — the interlaced letter device associated with the name Karolus — set within a raised inner circle defined by a beaded or rope-type border. The monogram, deeply struck in high relief, presents an intricate interlaced design formed by the letters of the royal name, a hallmark of Carolingian regal coinage. The surrounding outer legend, separated from the inner circle by the border, names the mint city in abbreviated Latin majuscules, commencing with a cross pattée. The flan is irregular in outline, consistent with the hand-struck production methods of ninth-century Frankish minting practice. |
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