Denier - Charlemagne Narbonne mint

These early deniers, struck in the first years of Charlemagne's sole reign before the monetary reforms of the 790s standardized weight and module across the empire, reflect the inherited Pepin the Short coinage system still in use at regional mints. Narbonne had only recently been recovered from Umayyad control — the city fell back to Frankish hands in 759 after a siege lasting nearly seven years — and its mint reactivation under Carolingian authority was as much a political statement as an economic one.