Denier Bracteate - Mieszko III the Old Gniezno or Kalisz mint

Mieszko III ruled longer than any other Piast duke — twice expelled from Kraków and twice restored — and his coinage reflects that turbulent grip on power. Bracteates of this type were struck as thin single-sided uniface pieces, a minting technique that spread into Polish territories from the Holy Roman Empire during the 12th century and allowed for faster, cheaper production than double-die struck deniers.

Gniezno and Kalisz were the twin centers of Mieszko's Greater Polish domain, and attributing individual specimens to one mint over the other remains unresolved for most die variants catalogued under Kop#112.