Conrad IV died in 1254, meaning the upper bound of this issue's date range almost certainly postdates his reign — the attribution likely extends to the regency or local episcopal authority continuing to strike in his name at Ulm. Bracteates of this weight class were notoriously fragile in circulation; the single-sided fabric, struck on a thin flan, distorts easily, and surviving examples without creasing are genuinely scarce.
Conrad IV died in 1254, meaning the upper bound of this issue's date range almost certainly postdates his reign — the attribution likely extends to the regency or local episcopal authority continuing to strike in his name at Ulm. Bracteates of this weight class were notoriously fragile in circulation; the single-sided fabric, struck on a thin flan, distorts easily, and surviving examples without creasing are genuinely scarce.