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Denier 'Bischöflicher Pfennig' - Anonymous
| Issuer | Bavaria, Duchy of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1180-1185 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Pfennig |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
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| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
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| Reverse description | Two confronted busts presented in three-quarter facing posture, the left figure wearing a helmet indicative of secular or ducal authority, and the right figure depicted in clerical vestments representing ecclesiastical authority. Between the two figures, a bishop's crook or pastoral staff is jointly held, symbolizing the dual secular-ecclesiastical power structure of the period. The design is executed in the flat, linear style typical of anonymous Bavarian pfennig coinage of the late 12th century. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
The years 1180–1185 bracket one of the most consequential political ruptures in medieval German history: the trial and exile of Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, by Frederick Barbarossa in 1180. Bavaria was broken up and redistributed, with the Wittelsbach family receiving the reduced duchy. Anonymous episcopal pfennigs issued through this period reflect the administrative vacuum left by Henry's dispossession — ecclesiastical minting authority filling gaps that secular reorganization had not yet resolved.