Denier - Béla IV

Béla IV's reign was defined almost entirely by the Mongol invasion of 1241–42, which depopulated vast stretches of the Hungarian kingdom and forced the king himself to flee to the Adriatic coast. The reconstruction that followed reshaped Hungarian coinage administration alongside everything else — minting rights were redistributed to regional lords and ecclesiastical authorities as part of Béla's broader strategy to repopulate and fortify the realm through aristocratic incentives.

The thin fabric and low weight of this issue reflect the degraded silver standards that became entrenched across Central European minting in the mid-thirteenth century, not a Hungarian anomaly.