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Denier - Béla III
| Issuer | Kingdom of Hungary |
|---|---|
| Year | 1172-1196 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 0.51 g |
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| Reverse description | Plain, unadorned field featuring a stylised cross motif enclosed within a single raised circular border, set well within the flan. The cross arms terminate in decorative pellet-tipped finials, with additional pellets placed in the four angles between the arms, creating a simple yet deliberate ornamental composition. The surrounding field is largely blank, reflecting the minimalist reverse design common to late 12th-century Árpád-dynasty deniers. The flan shows pronounced flatness and irregular edges consistent with hand-hammered production. No legend or inscription is present on the reverse. |
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| Mintage | ND (1172-1196) |
| Additional information |
Béla III's monetary policy was unusually sophisticated for twelfth-century Central Europe, shaped in part by his years at the Byzantine court in Constantinople before his accession. He introduced a systematic reckoning of royal income — the earliest known Hungarian budget document, dating to around 1185, recorded crown revenues explicitly in terms of silver mark equivalents, suggesting the crown was actively managing coin output as fiscal instrument rather than mere necessity.
The thin, broad fabric of these deniers reflects Byzantine flan-striking influence absorbed during his reign.