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Denier - Anonymous

Issuer Fritzlar, City of
Year 1000-1025
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Value 1 Pfennig (1⁄12)
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Obverse script Latin
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Reverse description A plain cross with a pellet or dot in each of the four angles, dividing the field into quadrants in a design typical of Ottonian-period deniers. The cross extends to the inner border, and the four dots are evenly distributed in the angles. An outer beaded or dashed border encircles the entire design. The execution is irregular, consistent with hammered production of the period. No reverse legend is present.
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Additional information

Fritzlar's claim to monetary authority in this period rested on the presence of a royal palace and its status as one of the most politically significant ecclesiastical centers in Ottonian Saxony — Charlemagne had ordered the town's famous oak felled there in 723, and the site never lost its symbolic weight. Anonymous deniers of this type are notoriously difficult to attribute with precision; the "var." designation against Hävernick 111 signals a die combination or minor detail that places it outside the catalogued norm without sufficient documentation to earn its own number.

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