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Denier anonyme sede vacante
| Issuer | Bishopric of Halberstadt |
|---|---|
| Year | 1088-1106 |
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| Value | 1 Denier |
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| Obverse description | Saint Stephen depicted in kneeling posture to the left, rendered in crude Romanesque relief characteristic of eleventh-century episcopal coinage. Stones are shown scattered behind the figure, referencing the martyrdom of the protomartyr. The surrounding field is uneven due to the hammered technique. The legend SCS STEPHANVS appears around the figure identifying the saint. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Struck during the Investiture Controversy, when the German episcopate was fracturing under competing claims of papal and imperial authority. Halberstadt's bishop Herrand was deposed by Henry IV in 1089 and replaced with an anti-bishop, leaving the see in contested limbo for years. The anonymous attribution was not modesty — it was a political necessity when naming an issuing authority could mean picking the wrong side.
Sede vacante issues from this conflict are among the harder episcopal coinages to assign precisely, and Kluge's Kar#425 attribution reflects that ambiguity rather than resolving it.