Denier - Adela Hamaland

Adela of Hamaland ruled the county as effective regent following her husband Balderik's death, and her coinage is among the earliest documented issues by a female ruler in the medieval Low Countries. The денье series attributed to her reign spans nearly three decades, during which she repeatedly clashed with the Bishop of Utrecht and the Ottonian imperial court over territorial control of the Veluwe region — conflicts that eventually led to her expulsion by her own son Wichmann around 1002.

The Ilisch classification distinguishes multiple die combinations within this type, making it a productive series for specialists working the Ottonian frontier mints.